VCAM1 and hypertensive disorder: This pilot study suggests that rural dietary patterns, characterized by higher intakes of antioxidant-related nutrients, such as selenium, β-carotene, niacin, and vitamins A, B6, and C, may contribute to lower levels of vascular inflammation biomarkers (ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and IL-6) among individuals with hypertension living in PM2.5-exposed environments.