RAF1 and neoplasm: In monocytes from the peripheral blood, Bestrophin 1 (BEST1) was found elevated which was attributed to tumor-excreted Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) signaling [207].VEGF-A activates the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK cascade, and as a result, ELK1 is activated leading to the transcription of the BEST1 gene [207].