As the UV induced cell damage response pathway (https://www.gsea-msigdb.org/gsea/msigdb/cards/HALLMARK_UV_RESPONSE_UP) (accessed 20 July 2025) was identified in CXCL12 cells (Table 1) to be regulated by TP53 and IFNs, expression and tissue culture assays were performed using breast fibroblast cells isolated from patients with no history of cancer. Here, CXCL12 is linked to cancer.