While IL-23 and IL-17 are similarly required for protection against oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC), they can exert divergent functions in other forms of immune-mediated inflammation; for example, anti-IL-17 blockade or <i>Il17ra</i> gene deficiency is linked to inflammatory bowel disease, whereas loss of IL-23 is protective in this setting. Here, IL37 is linked to inflammatory bowel disease.