SOD1 and metabolic disease: Given that oxidative stress can exacerbate inflammatory responses and contribute to neurodegenerative and metabolic diseases, the total antioxidant capacity, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide/nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (reduced form) (NAD+/NADH) ratio, and levels of glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in BV-2 cells were measured.