Furthermore, compared to tumors harboring KRASG12D mutation alone, the co-mutation of TP53 and KRASG12D induces an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment characterized by a reduced T helper 1(Th1)/Th2 cell ratio, elevated Treg infiltration, and an increased Treg-to-tumor-specific CD4+ T cell ratio, collectively contributing to significantly poorer survival rates (114). Here, CD4 is linked to neoplasm.