For instance, elevated expression of the glutamatergic presynaptic protein Netrin G1 in CAFs upregulates glutamate, glutamine, and cytokine expression, sustaining tumor cell viability through direct cell-cell interactions or activation of the Netrin G1/Netrin-G-Ligand-1 signaling pathway (30, 31). This evidence concerns the gene NTNG1 and neoplasm.