Regarding non-GPX4-dependent pathways, a study on lung adenocarcinoma revealed that knockdown of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide kinase (NADK) can suppress FSP1 expression by reducing NADPH levels, thereby enhancing the cytotoxicity of Erastin and RSL3, highlighting the critical role of the NADK-FSP1 axis in regulating ferroptosis (136). Here, AIFM2 is linked to lung adenocarcinoma.