ACSL4 and diabetic kidney disease: Renal biopsy specimens from DKD patients reveal elevated expression of ferroptosis-associated proteins—such as acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4) and prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2—accompanied by marked downregulation of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), a key suppressor of ferroptosis (127).