NLRP3 and influenza: For example, berberine, a classic isoquinoline alkaloid, effectively inhibited mitochondrial ROS generation and mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein activation in influenza-stimulated in influenza-stimulated mouse macrophage cell line J774A.1 (J774A.1), thereby blocking NLRP3 assembly and pyroptosis within 24 h at 4.2 μM(Zhao et al., 2025).