CBS and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: In patients with HBV/HCV cirrhosis of the liver blood samples, using adigital PCR/NGS validation gene combinations (SLC1A5/SLC7A11/CBS/ADM/CDKN2A) (Zhang, Ding & Zhou, 2024b), the changes can be quantified in gene expression in ctRNA during sorafenib/immunotherapy to predict ferroptosis sensitivity; combined with imaging examinations (MRI/LI-RADS), early diagnosis and treatment of HCC related to NAFLD can be achieved.