FN1 and cancer: Numerous studies have shown that elevated FN1 expression is associated with the development and progression of various cancer types, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (Zhou et al., 2022), hepatocellular cancer (Zhang et al., 2022), thyroid cancer (Chen & Shen, 2023), gastric cancer (Li et al., 2022a), ovarian cancer (Lou et al., 2013) and renal cancer (Waalkes et al., 2010).