The results of the random-effects model meta-analysis are shown in Fig. 3, which shows that the improvement in SOD in patients with type 2 diabetes in the exercise group was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant [SMD = 0.59, 95% CI [0.17 to 1.01], P = 0.006]. The gene discussed is SOD1; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.