As core anti-tumor effector cells, CD8+ T cells inhibit Treg activity by secreting IFN-γ (Mortazavi Farsani et al., 2025; Li et al., 2010), and their infiltration is associated with good survival in patients with various cancers such as breast cancer (Nalio Ramos et al., 2022). This evidence concerns the gene IFNG and neoplasm.