Moreover, activation of Akt subsequent to PTEN loss is correlated with a high Gleason score and low CD8+ T-cell abundance in bone metastatic PCa 13,14, and a population of immunosuppressive myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) (CD11b+Gr1+) massively infiltrate the mCRPC microenvironment, especially in PTEN-null PCa 15-17. Here, ITGAM is linked to posterior cortical atrophy.