AHR and inflammatory bowel disease: Consistent with these studies, it is well established that AhR agonists of microbial, dietary, or xenobiotic origin prevent inflammatory bowel disease (Abron et al., 2018; Benson & Shepherd, 2011; Islam et al., 2017; Kawai et al., 2017; Riemschneider et al., 2021; Scott et al., 2020).