Defense-related enzymes, such as phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), chitinase (CHI), and β-1,3-glucanase (GLU), play crucial roles in defense against pathogen infection in plants (Prabhukarthikeyan et al., 2018; Yan et al., 2021). This evidence concerns the gene PPOX and infection.