POU5F1 and renal carcinoma: Wound healing assay showed that COL1A1 knockdown notably inhibited cell migration (Fig. 6D), while Transwell assays further confirmed that COL1A1 silencing significantly reduced both the migratory and invasive abilities of renal cancer cells (Fig. 6E). In addition, knockdown of COL1A1 led to a significant decrease in the protein levels of OCT4 and SOX2 in KIRC cells (Fig. 6F).