CXCL1 and neoplasm: TANs can secrete CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL5, and other cytokines that may attract macrophages into the tumor microenvironment and affect their polarization.192–195 In parallel, chemotactic factors secreted by TAMs, such as CXCL8, may attract neutrophils into the tumor microenvironment.196 Studies involving the systemic inflammatory cascade of breast tumors triggered by IL-1β secretion by associated macrophages have shown that IL-17 expression by γδ T cells subsequently increases systemic granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) levels.