To further investigate whether ACC neurons engaged in communicating with signals triggered by taVNS, and to assess the reactivation extent of taVNS-activated neurons (TANs) during anxiety-like behavioral tests, we trapped TANs in the ACC of PTSD-like mice using the Fos-TRAP and immunohistochemistry approach (Fig. 2A, B) [31]. Here, FOS is linked to post-traumatic stress disorder.