TP53 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Numerous experiments have employed the hydrodynamic transfection technique to construct various HCC models through multi-gene editing, with cancer onset ranging from 4 to 48 weeks [24, 25] Building upon the research of toward, Cao et al. overexpressed c-Met and N90-β-catenin while knocking out P53 and Pten to establish a primary mice HCC model, observing significant tumor development at 6 weeks [10, 16, 26].