Critical unresolved questions include defining nanomaterial-specific thresholds for optimal DAMP release (e.g., mtDNA vs. nuclear DNA) that maximize STING activation without systemic inflammation and elucidating how nanocarrier composition (e.g., metal valence and surface charge) dictates crosstalk between ferroptotic damage and immune cell recruitment across tumor types. Here, STING1 is linked to neoplasm.