TLR4 and neoplasm: Additionally, we observed that despite a significant reduction in Drs expression, which is a target AMP-coding gene of the Toll signaling pathway, following antibiotic treatment, RasV12//M6−/− tumor still exhibited higher Drs expression levels compared to RasV12 tumor (Fig. EV1J), implying that the interclonal cooperation between RasV12 and M6−/− can induce Toll activation independently of bacterial infection.