Tumor cell killing by anti-tumor macrophages increased by 80% in both treatment modalities compared to IR alone (Cohen’s d = −0.5 [−1.1, −0.3] for CSF-1R inhibitor and Cohen’s d = −0.4 [−0.5, −0.2] for IR + CSF-1R; see Fig. 8(A)), driven by an increase in antitumor macrophages and their enhanced ability to eliminate tumor cells. The gene discussed is CSF1R; the disease is neoplasm.