45% of the patients were P4P program patients; approximately 54% were male; 64% had an income less than US$1,000 per month; 28% had a full-time job; 77% were married; 62% were religious; 53% had an education level below junior high school; 69% lived in an area with high-level urbanization and took oral medication only(72%) without the use of insulin; 10% took multiple shots of insulin per day; 19% had gastrointestinal conditions; 30% had any complications; and 4% had previous hospital admissions within one year due to diabetes. This evidence concerns the gene INS and diabetes mellitus.