Conversely, anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10, Interleukin-4 (IL-4), Interleukin-13 (IL-13), and Interleukin-21 (IL-21) help mitigate tissue damage and prevent autoimmunity, yet their overexpression in critically ill patients has been linked to immune exhaustion or “immunoparalysis”, which predisposes individuals to secondary infections and increased mortality [39,43,44,45,46]. This evidence concerns the gene IL4 and Autoimmunity.