TNF and acute respiratory distress syndrome: Pro-inflammatory mediators such as IL-6, Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), TNF-α, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and Interleukin-17A (IL-17A), though central to pathogen clearance, can drive tissue injury, vascular compromise, and systemic complications—including ARDS and coagulopathy—when overproduced [39,40,41,42].