AKT1 and autism spectrum disorder: IL-6 activates other signaling pathways, such as the PI3K/AKT/the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK-3β) and gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) receptor (GRPR) pathways, in hippocampal neurons of mice with autism spectrum disorder (49).