Currently, there are three classes of extensively studied autophagy modulators as candidates for IBD treatment, including inflammasome inhibitors, gut microbiota modulators, and AMPK-mTOR-p70S6K signaling modulators, which greatly expand the new horizon of autophagy modulation strategies applied to IBD treatment and open up the space for the development of new therapeutic strategies. The gene discussed is MTOR; the disease is inflammatory bowel disease.