In addition, miRNA-mediated post-transcriptional regulation serves an essential role in autophagy associated with IBD, whereby when autophagy genes ATG16L1 and IRGM are mutated, AIEC inhibits the autophagic defense process by increasing the levels of miR-30c and miR-130a to suppress the expression of normal autophagic proteins such as ATG16L1 in host cells (77). This evidence concerns the gene IRGM and inflammatory bowel disease.