Further studies have shown that during septic inflammatory storms, NF-κB activation enhances the release of inflammatory mediators - including TNF-α, IL-1β, and Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1) - while simultaneously promoting NET formation through NLRP3 inflammasome activation, thereby exacerbating pulmonary inflammation (90). This evidence concerns the gene CCL2 and inflammatory response.