Rising GFAP/NfL levels are linked to cognitive decline (GFAP: OR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.10-1.42; NfL: OR: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.03-1.18). No association with Aβ42/40 or pTau-181. The gene discussed is NEFL; the disease is Mental deterioration.