Key terms including “polycystic ovary syndrome,” “obesity,” and “treatment,” along with other related keywords, were combined using Boolean operators to optimize the search and focus on studies addressing the pathophysiology of PCOS, mechanism of action of drugs used in the management of PCOS and comparing the clinical implications of metformin, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors, oral contraceptive pills (OCPs), inositol, and lifestyle modifications (LSMs). Here, SLC5A2 is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.