Key terms including “polycystic ovary syndrome,” “obesity,” and “treatment,” along with other related keywords, were combined using Boolean operators to optimize the search and focus on studies addressing the pathophysiology of PCOS, mechanism of action of drugs used in the management of PCOS and comparing the clinical implications of metformin, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors, oral contraceptive pills (OCPs), inositol, and lifestyle modifications (LSMs). The gene discussed is SLC5A2; the disease is polycystic ovary syndrome.