First, in univariable Cox proportional hazard analysis for all-cause mortality, age (HR 1.060), male sex (HR 1.988), ESR (HR 1.008), CRP (HR 1.008), haemoglobin (HR 0.752), blood urea nitrogen (HR 1.013), serum creatinine (HR 1.147), serum total protein (HR 0.577), serum albumin (HR 0.385), dyslipidaemia (HR 2.039), and FFS + eVDI (HR 1.538) at AAV diagnosis were significantly associated with all-cause mortality during follow-up (Supplementary Table 1). This evidence concerns the gene ALB and anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis.