TNF and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: A total of 14 RCTs (13 two-arm and 1 four-arm) (33, 44, 49, 64, 66, 76, 81, 83, 91, 93, 103, 109, 121, 140) reported improvements in TNF-α outcome indicators for patients with T2DM and overweight or obesity.