Non-response to ibutilide was independently associated with longer AF duration (OR = 1.82), diabetes ellitus (OR = 2.27), coronary artery disease (OR = 2.56), increased ST2 (OR = 1.08), larger left atrial diameter (LAD) (OR = 1.25), elevated NT-proBNP (OR = 1.01), and higher CHA2DS2-VASc scores (OR = 1.96; all P < 0.05). The gene discussed is NPPB; the disease is atrial fibrillation.