In addition to the aforementioned roles of BM-MSCs in PD, the transplantation of BM-MSCs reduced behavioral effects and partially restored the dopaminergic pathway in a rat model of PD.391 Human UC-MSCs were induced to transform into dopaminergic neurons in vitro, and transplantation of these cells into the striatum of rats with PD partially corrected injury-induced rotation.392 Three days after transplantation, subventricular neurogenesis was significantly increased in human AD-MSC-treated PD rats, which may be related to BDNF secreted by MSCs.393. Here, BDNF is linked to Parkinson disease.