CD4 and pulmonary tuberculosis: Clinical trials in PLWH with pulmonary TB have demonstrated clear mortality benefit for patients with CD4 counts <50/mm3 who start ART within 2 weeks of starting anti-TB treatment, albeit with increased risk of IRIS.(84–86) One RCT has been conducted in PLWH with TBM (median CD4 count 41cells/mm3) comparing ART initiation within 7 days of anti-TB treatment or at 2 months.