RPS3 and infection: Studies have shown that DPV can modulate host innate immune responses via various viral proteins, including UL41 (98; He et al., 2022), UL24 (Ruan et al., 2024), UL47 (T. He et al., 2020), US3 (Liu et al., 2022), and VP16 (100), during the late stages of infection, and all of these proteins have been confirmed to participate in this process.