VEGFA and age-related macular degeneration: These immune cells are involved in the pathogenesis of AMD, and researchers observed infiltration of macrophages and lymphocytes around the CNV area, as well as an elevated amount of CCL2, IL-8, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in circulation blood monocytes (Lopez et al., 1991; Lechner et al., 2017; Chen et al., 2019; Das et al., 2022).