EPRS1 and protozoa infectious disease: Halofuginone, a U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved drug for scleroderma and protozoal infections [146], works through inhibition of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, particularly glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA synthetase (EPRS), thereby activating the amino acid starvation response (AAS) and ISR signaling pathways [147,148].