TFAP2C plays an important role in regulating cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis, and participates in the development of several cancers and influences tumor sensitivity to chemotherapy.31, 32, 33 More recently, studies have demonstrated that TFAP2C promotes cisplatin resistance in vivo and in vitro by inducing the levels of EGFR and NF-κB activation in BLCA cells.34 This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and bladder transitional cell carcinoma.