,43 Importantly, in cases of advanced insulin resistance or type 2 diabetes, conditions characterized by disrupted insulin signaling or impaired sensitivity, phosphorylation of MAVS and subsequent induction of IFN may be compromised, potentially contributing to the increased susceptibility of individuals with metabolic disorders to infection with RNA viruses such as influenza and SARS-CoV-2.44 Here, INS is linked to Other metabolic disease.