IGF1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: in non-small cell lung cancer (26) demonstrated that CAFs promote ANXA2 expression and phosphorylation via secretion of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), activating c-MET and IGF-1R receptors, thereby enhancing the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) process.