MUC16 and ovarian carcinoma: For instance, a combination of mucin 16 (MUC16 also known as carbohydrate antigen 125 or CA-125), with pelvic ultrasound achieved a higher specificity for ovarian cancer detection (Niu et al., 2023), and the synergy of MUC16 and human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) biomarker testing with transvaginal sonography has contributed to enhanced ovarian cancer screening (Stewart et al., 2019).