TNF and Autoimmunity: Biotherapies for autoimmunity include monoclonal antibodies that target specific antigens like TNF-α and IL-6, fusion proteins that inhibit immune pathways such as CD80/CD86-CD28, cytokine modulators that block cytokines like IL-1 and IL-17, JAK inhibitors that interfere with cytokine signaling, and cell-based therapies like stem-cell transplantation and regulatory T cell therapy.