Our study has important implications for patients on allergy medications that modulate the leukotriene pathway such as zileuton, which is an antagonist of 5-LO, montelukast, which modulates cysteinyl leukotrienes, and various LTB4 and BLT1 inhibitors, which are currently being assessed in clinical trials.153 Blockade of leukotrienes in these situations could play a role in making patients more susceptible to CMV infection or reactivation. This evidence concerns the gene LTB4R and cytomegalovirus infection.