The extent of apoptosis increasedin combination with the expression of M1 macrophages, nanomaterials,and NIR (Figure I).The enhanced cytotoxicity toward osteosarcoma tumor cells and HVECswas linked to the secretion of IFN-γ, TNF-α, and othertoxic cytokines, along with ROS production by M1-polarized macrophages.The ELISA results revealed that M1-polarized macrophages induced bydamaged HVECs secreted high levels of antitumor cytokines such asIL-12, IFN-γ, and TNF-α (Figure S18). This evidence concerns the gene TNF and neoplasm.