APEX1 and cancer: APEX1, located on chromosome 14q11.2 and comprising five exons spanning approximately 2.5–3 kb of DNA, not only plays a significant role in DNA damage repair through the BER pathway but also functions as a transcriptional co‐activator for multiple transcription factors, such as p53 and NF‐κB, which are integral in oncogenesis and cancer progression [53, 54].