Additionally, several critical cancer-related pathways, including the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt, FoxO, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathways, were identified as being regulated by the combination of IR808-ATIPA and radiation (Fig. 3G). The gene discussed is AKT1; the disease is cancer.