Notably, TNF-α and IFN-γ synergize to activate GSDMD, GSDME, Caspases (-3/-7/-8), and MLKL, triggering PANoptosis across 13 human cancer cell lines (including colon, lung, melanoma, and leukemia), highlighting cytokine-driven PANoptosis as a therapeutic target (68). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is cancer.