NANPs designed to deliver siRNAs against cancer immunity-inhibitory machinery – e.g., PD-1 and CTLA4 on T-cells, PD-L1 on cancer cells and APCs, VEGF on tumor vasculature, LAG, TIM3, HLA-G, TGFβ on tumor cells – may aid in overcoming barriers created by four steps of the cancer immunity cycle: III. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and cancer.