We systematically prioritized the mitochondria-related genes specifically enriched in exhausted CD8+ T cells on the basis of three key criteria: 1) high universality across different cancer types, 2) a significant fold change in expression within exhausted T cells compared with the other subtypes (referred to as the enrichment score), and 3) a strong correlation with T-cell exhaustion markers (referred to as the exhaustion score) (Fig. 1D). Here, CD8A is linked to cancer.